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The system functions as follows: when the fish encounters excessive light, the chromatic cells called "chromatophore", which are located around the transparent layer (cornea) of the eye, start to release a yellowish dye (pigment). This pigment covers the eye and acts as a filter reducing the intensity of light, which enables the fish to see more accurately. In dark waters, this pigment disappears and the eye receives the maximum possible amount of light.48
It is obvious that this system is a product of conscious design. These cells releasing or clearing pigments is regulated consciously and cannot be considered as a product of coincidence. It is an expression of the perfection in the creation of Allah that an irreducibly complex organ structure such as the eye should be equipped with such a flawless chromatic system.
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| Design in the Rock Cactus (middle) Some plants are created with special properties for defence from plant-eating predators and rodents. Some of these plants display properties miraculously similar to the surrounding environment in which they grow. The best example of these similarities is found in the South African rock cactus. Due to drought, the surfaces of these plants are extremely wrinkled. When these wrinkles are filled with dust, it becomes impossible even for humans to distinguish these plants from rocks. If it were not for this property, this plant would become an irresistible target for insects and rodents. Another speciality of the rock cactus is the fact that it blossoms with very brightly coloured flowers at the end of the season of drought. Since the majority of creatures are absent at that time, it reduces the risks brought about by the flowers, which could nullify the camouflage. (left) The nectar-containing violet-coloured bellflowers (Campanula persicifolia) and non-nectar containing red-coloured orchid flowers (Cephalanthera rubra) live together in the Mediterranean region. A species of solitary bee (Chelostoma fuliginosum) first visits the bellflower and extracts the nectar. Then it travels to the orchid flowers that have the same colour as the bellflower. However, there it finds no nectar. The orchid flower achieves cross-pollination by this method. A Special Design for Plants: Leaves (right) Leaves are the respiratory organs of trees: they inhale carbon dioxide and exhale oxygen. Upon close examination, leaf structure appears extraordinarily thin, light and taut, but also very sturdy. They are very resistant to rain and wind. A leaf is covered with vessels that decrease in size from the largest at the stem to the smallest, which are particularly visible on the underside. This structure not only facilitates circulation of substances but also functions as a skeleton ensuring rigidity. | ||
